Good nutrition: your guide for different age groups

Diabetes

 

The term Diabetes includes a number of disorders in the process of demolishing and building - metabolism - (metabolism) carbohydrates.

Natural metabolism

Carbohydrates obtained by the body from eating bread, potatoes, rice, cakes and many other foods, gradually disintegrate and decompose.

This disintegration and degradation process begins in the stomach, then continues in the duodenum and in the small intestine.

This breakdown and disintegration process results in a group of sugars (carbohydrates) being absorbed into the circulation.

 

The internal secretion cells in the pancreas, called beta cells, are very sensitive to high blood sugar levels and secrete the insulin hormone (Insulin).

Diabetes

Insulin is an essential bridge for the entry of sugar molecules, glucose, into the muscles where it is used as an energy source, and to the fat and liver tissue where it is stored.

Glucose also reaches the brain as well, but without the help of insulin.

In the pancreas, another type of cell is the alpha cells, which secrete another additional hormone called glucagon. This hormone causes sugar to be excreted from the liver and activates other hormones that block insulin.

Balancing these two hormones (insulin and glucagon) keeps the blood glucose level constant and avoids acute changes.

Those who have a large body weight and need a lot of physical activity need a small amount of insulin to balance the action of glucose that reaches the blood. The more obese and less physically fit, the greater the need for insulin to treat a similar amount of glucose in the blood. This condition is called "insulin resistance."

Diabetes

When the beta cells in the pancreas are damaged, the amount of insulin secreted gradually decreases, and this process continues for many years.

If this condition is accompanied by the presence of "insulin resistance", this combination of a small amount of insulin and a low level of effectiveness leads to a deviation from the proper level of glucose (sugar) in the blood, in which case the person is defined as having diabetes (Diabetes).

It is known that the proper level of sugar in the blood after an eight-hour fast should be less than 108 mg / dL, while the threshold level is 126 mg / dl.

If a person’s blood glucose level is 126 mg / dL and above, in two or more tests, then that person is diagnosed with diabetes.

How does diabetes affect blood sugar level?

Diabetes

Types of diabetes

 

Types of diabetes are:

1- Type 1 diabetes

Type 1 diabetes (juvenile diabetes / juvenile diabetes) is a disease in whichThe immune system destroys beta cells in the pancreas for reasons that are unknown and not yet identified.

In children, this process of destruction occurs quickly and lasts from a few weeks to a few years, but in adults, it may last for many years.

Type 1 diabetes can affect anyone at any age, but it usually appears in childhood or adolescence.

Many people with Diabetes type 1 are of advanced age who are diagnosed, wrongly, as Type 2 Diabetes.

2- Type 2 diabetes

 Type 2 diabetes (or: type 2 diabetes / adult diabetes) is a disease in which beta cells in the pancreas are destroyed and Destroyed for genetic reasons, most likely, supported by external factors, this process is very slow and will last for decades.

The likelihood of a person of a healthy weight, good physical fitness and diabetes is low, even if he or she has low insulin secretion.

As for the possibility of developing a fat person who is not physically active in diabetes, it is a great possibility, given that he is more likely to develop "insulin resistance" and thus diabetes.

It is the most common, it can appear at any age, as statistics indicate that the number of people with type 2 diabetes in the world has recorded a very large increase in recent decades, reaching about 150 million people, and it is expected to rise to 330 million people with the disease Diabetes, until 2025. Fortunately, it is often preventable and avoidable.

Symptoms of diabetes

Diabetes